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When using lithium batteries, a "Lith-X" or D-Class fire extinguisher should always be available. Water-based extinguishers must not be used on lithium of any kind, since water will react with lithium and release large amounts of explosive hydrogen. Vented batteries must be properly ventilated. Inadequate ventilation may result in the build up of volatile gases, which may result in an explosion or asphyxiation. Do not attempt to recharge primary batteries. This kind of battery is not designed to be recharged and may overheat or leak if recharging is attempted. When recharging secondary batteries, use a charging device that is approved for that type of battery. Using an approved charging device can prevent overcharging or overheating the battery. Many chargers have special circuits built into them for correctly charging specific types of batteries and will not work properly with other types. Do not use secondary (rechargeable) batteries in smoke detectors. Secondary batteries have a high self-discharge rate. Primary batteries have a much longer shelf life and are much more dependable in emergencies. Consult the smoke detector's user manual for the recommended battery types. Do not attempt to refill or repair a worn-out or damaged battery. Do not allow direct bodily contact with battery components. Acidic or alkaline electrolyte can cause skin irritation or burns. Electrode materials such as mercury or cadmium are toxic. Lithium can cause an explosion if it comes into contact with water. Other components can cause a variety of short-term (irritation and burns) or long-term (nerve damage) maladies. Do not lick a 9 V battery to see if it is charged. You will, of course, be able to determine whether or not the battery is charged, but such a test may result in a burn that may range from simply uncomfortable to serious. Do not dispose of batteries in a fire. The metallic components of the battery will not burn and the burning electrolyte may splatter, explode, or release toxic fumes. Batteries may be disposed of, however, in industrial incinerators that are approved for the disposal of batteries. Do not carry batteries in your pocket. Coins, keys, or other metal objects can short circuit a battery, which can cause extreme heat, acid leakage, or an explosion. Do not wear rings, metal jewelry, or metal watchbands while handling charged cells. Severe burns can result from accidentally short circuiting a charged cell. Wearing gloves can reduce this danger. Do not use uninsulated tools near charged cells. Do not place charged cells on metal workbenches. Severe arcing and overheating can result if the battery's terminals are shorted by contact with such metal objects.
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